On Tuesday, January 24, the Turkish Medical Association (TMA) received several threats of physical violence and death, some of them identified as coming from a government-recognized civilian militia group known as Halk Özel Harekatı (HÖH). The campaign began after the Turkish Medical Association issued a statement denouncing war as a threat to public health, with specific reference to the war in Syria. Some members of the TMA subsequently went into hiding, and staff reports that they believe their physical safety is compromised.